401k & IRA Withdrawal Tax Calculator: Retirement Income (2026)
Retirement planning isn't just about how much you save — it's about how much you keep. These free calculators estimate taxes on 401k and IRA withdrawals, early retirement distributions, inherited accounts, and annuity income, so you can plan withdrawals with the actual after-tax number in mind.
On this page: Calculators · Withdrawal tax reference · FAQs
Retirement withdrawal tax calculators (2026)
- Retirement withdrawal tax calculator Model the tax impact of traditional IRA and 401k withdrawals using an estimated effective tax rate
- Early retirement withdrawal tax calculator Calculate income tax plus the 10% early withdrawal penalty on pre-59½ distributions from IRAs and 401ks
- Inheritance & estate tax calculator Estimate income and estate tax on inherited retirement accounts — IRAs, 401ks, and non-retirement assets
Retirement withdrawal tax: quick reference (2026)
The examples below show federal income tax when a fully taxable traditional IRA or 401(k) withdrawal is the only income of a single filer under age 65. They use the 2026 $16,100 standard deduction and the 2026 federal income-tax brackets.
| Withdrawal Amount | Est. Federal Tax | Effective Rate | Early Additional Tax (10%) | After-Tax (No Additional Tax) | After-Tax (With 10%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| $10,000 | $0 | 0.0% | $1,000 | $10,000 | $9,000 |
| $20,000 | ~$390 | ~2.0% | $2,000 | ~$19,610 | ~$17,610 |
| $30,000 | ~$1,420 | ~4.7% | $3,000 | ~$28,580 | ~$25,580 |
| $50,000 | ~$3,820 | ~7.6% | $5,000 | ~$46,180 | ~$41,180 |
| $75,000 | ~$7,670 | ~10.2% | $7,500 | ~$67,330 | ~$59,830 |
| $100,000 | ~$13,170 | ~13.2% | $10,000 | ~$86,830 | ~$76,830 |
Federal estimate only; state tax is not included. These examples do not include the additional standard deduction for taxpayers age 65 or older or the temporary enhanced senior deduction. See the IRS 2026 tax adjustments and IRS senior-deduction guidance. If the withdrawal is added to wages, a pension, taxable Social Security, or other income, the tax can be higher.
Filing a return with retirement distributions? TurboTax↗ can help report Form 1099-R income and retirement distributions. Affiliate link.
401k and IRA withdrawal tax rates by account type
| Account Type | Contributions | Withdrawal Tax Treatment | Early Additional Tax Before 59½? |
|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional 401(k) | Usually pre-tax | Taxable portion is ordinary income | Generally 10%, unless an exception applies |
| Traditional IRA | Pre-tax if deductible; basis may exist | Taxable portion is ordinary income | Generally 10%, unless an exception applies |
| Roth 401(k) | After-tax | Qualified distributions are tax-free | Rules depend on whether a distribution is qualified |
| Roth IRA | After-tax | Qualified distributions are tax-free | Ordering and exception rules can protect some distributions |
| 403(b) | Often pre-tax | Taxable portion generally is ordinary income | Generally 10%, unless an exception applies |
| Inherited IRA / 401(k) | N/A | Taxable distributions generally are ordinary income | 10% early-distribution tax generally does not apply to beneficiary distributions |
Filing taxes on retirement income?
Retirement withdrawals, early distributions, and inherited accounts all require accurate tax filing. These tools handle retirement-specific tax situations:
TurboTax↗ — handles IRA and 401k withdrawals, early distributions, and inherited accounts
FreeTaxUSA↗ — free federal filing for retirement income, IRA withdrawals, and 1099-R forms
H&R Block↗ — file retirement income online or in person with tax expert help
Affiliate links — we may earn a commission at no cost to you.
Related calculators
- Take-home pay calculator Estimate after-tax income from salary or hourly wages — all 50 states
- Capital gains tax calculator Estimate tax on investment profits — short and long-term rates
- After-tax income for self-employed Estimate net income after self-employment tax and deductions
- Gross vs net income guide How taxes reduce gross income to net take-home pay
- Best states for take-home pay State rankings by after-tax income — relevant for retirement relocation
Retirement withdrawal tax: FAQs
How are 401k and IRA withdrawals taxed?
Taxable distributions from traditional 401(k)s and traditional IRAs are generally ordinary income in the year received. A traditional IRA can also contain after-tax basis, so not every dollar is necessarily taxable. Qualified Roth distributions generally are tax-free. Use the retirement withdrawal tax calculator to model the taxable portion of a distribution.
What is the tax on an early 401k or IRA withdrawal before 59½?
The taxable portion of many distributions before age 59½ can face ordinary income tax plus a 10% additional federal tax, unless an IRS exception applies. The income-tax part depends on your other income and deductions, so applying your top marginal bracket to the whole withdrawal can overstate the tax. See the early retirement withdrawal tax calculator and its exception list.
How much tax will I pay on a $10,000 IRA withdrawal?
If a fully taxable $10,000 traditional IRA withdrawal is your only 2026 income and you are a single filer under 65 using the $16,100 standard deduction, estimated federal income tax is $0. If the same withdrawal is added to other income, some or all of it can be taxable. An early distribution may also face the 10% additional tax unless an exception applies.
How much tax will I pay on a $50,000 401k withdrawal?
For a single filer under 65 with no other 2026 income, a fully taxable $50,000 traditional 401(k) distribution leaves about $33,900 of taxable income after the $16,100 standard deduction. Estimated federal income tax is about $3,820, leaving about $46,180 before state tax. If the 10% early-distribution additional tax applies, that is another $5,000.
What is a 403b withdrawal tax calculator?
A 403(b) withdrawal estimator models distributions from retirement plans commonly offered by schools, nonprofits, and certain public employers. Pre-tax 403(b) distributions generally are taxed as ordinary income, and distributions before age 59½ can face the 10% additional tax unless an exception applies. Plan-specific rules can differ from IRA rules.
Do inheritance and estate taxes apply to retirement accounts?
Beneficiaries generally pay ordinary income tax on taxable distributions from inherited traditional retirement accounts. Many non-spouse designated beneficiaries are subject to a 10-year distribution rule, but spouses and other eligible designated beneficiaries can have different options, and annual RMD requirements can depend on when the original owner died. Estate tax can also matter when the decedent's taxable estate exceeds applicable federal or state thresholds.
Why should I calculate after-tax retirement income?
A pre-tax retirement-account balance is not the same as spendable cash. The tax difference depends on account type, the taxable portion of each distribution, other income, deductions, filing status, state rules, and whether an additional early-distribution tax applies. Estimating after-tax withdrawals helps turn an account balance into a more realistic retirement cash-flow plan.